Pane kubvumirana kwakawanda iko zvino kuti hurumende inofanirwa kutarisa nezve "zvivakwa zvitsva" mushure medenda."Zvivakwa zvitsva" zvave kutarisisa kudzoreredza hupfumi hwenyika."Zvivakwa zvitsva" zvinosanganisira nzvimbo nomwe dzakakura dzinosanganisira UHV, mirwi yekuchaja mota itsva, 5G base station kuvaka, hombe data centers, artificial intelligence, industry Internet, intercity high-speed njanji uye intercity njanji.Basa re "zvivakwa zvitsva" mukusimudzira hupfumi hwepamba rinobuda pachena.Mune ramangwana, iyo indasitiri yesimbi ingabatsirike kubva kune iyi inopisa nzvimbo yekudyara?
COVID-19 Denda mamiriro anowedzera "zvivakwa zvitsva" kukurudzira kwekudyara
Chikonzero nei "zvivakwa zvitsva" zvichinzi "zvitsva" zvine hukama neyakajairwa zvivakwa zvakaita se "simbi yeruzhinji ndege", iyo inonyanya kushandira zvivakwa zvesainzi uye tekinoroji.Iyo inofananidzwa yenhoroondo yeprojekiti ye "zvivakwa zvitsva" ndiyo "yenyika" yakatsanangurwa neMutungamiriri wenyika yeUS Clinton muna 1993. "Information Superhighway", yakakura-yakakura kuvaka kwezvivakwa mumunda weruzivo, chirongwa chakave nemhedzisiro yakakura kwazvo pasi rese, uye yakagadzira kubwinya kweramangwana reUS ruzivo hupfumi.Munguva yehupfumi hwemaindasitiri, kuvaka kwezvivakwa kunoratidzwa mukusimudzirwa kwezvinhu zvenyama Kuyerera nekubatanidzwa kweketani yekugovera;munguva yehupfumi hwedhijitari, kutaurirana mbozha, data hombe, hungwaru hwekugadzira uye zvimwe zvivakwa zvetiweki zvemidziyo uye nzvimbo dzedhata zvakave zvakakosha uye zvivakwa zvepasirese.
Iyo "zvivakwa zvitsva" zvinokurudzirwa panguva ino zvine chirevo chakafara uye nehupamhi hwesevhisi zvinangwa.Semuenzaniso, 5G ndeyekufambiswa kwenharembozha, UHV ndeyemagetsi, njanji inomhanya-mhanya uye njanji yekufambisa njanji yekufambisa, nzvimbo huru dzedata ndeyeInternet uye masevhisi edhijitari, uye hungwaru hwekugadzira uye indasitiri yeInternet inzvimbo yakapfuma uye yakasiyana.Izvi zvinogona kukonzera dambudziko rekuti zvese zvinoremerwa mazviri, asi izvi zvakare zvine chekuita neshoko rekuti "nyowani" nekuti zvinhu zvitsva zvinogara zvichikura.
Muna 2019, masangano akakodzera akaronga dhatabhesi yepurojekiti yePPP, ine mari yakazara ye17.6 trillion yuan, uye kuvaka kwezvivakwa kuchiri musoro mukuru, 7.1 trillion yuan, inoverengera 41%;real estate chinzvimbo chechipiri, 3.4 trillion yuan, inoverengera 20%;"Zvivakwa zvitsva" zvingangoita 100 bhiriyoni yuan, inoverengera inosvika 0.5%, uye iyo yakazara haina hombe.Zvinoenderana nehuwandu hwe21st Century Business Herald, kubva munaKurume 5, rondedzero yezvirongwa zvekudyara zveramangwana zvakaburitswa nemapurovhinzi makumi maviri nemana nemakanzuru zvakapfupikiswa, zvichisanganisira mapurojekiti zviuru makumi maviri nezviviri, ane chiyero che 47.6 trillion yuan, uye yakarongwa yekudyara inosvika 8 bhiriyoni. yuan muna 2020. Chikamu che "zvivakwa zvitsva" chatova kutenderera gumi%.
Munguva yedenda iri, hupfumi hwedhijitari hwakaratidza kusimba kwakasimba, uye akawanda mafomati edhijitari akadai sehupenyu hwemakore, hofisi yegore, uye hupfumi hwemakore anga achiputika zvine simba, achiwedzera kukurudzira kutsva kuvakwa kwe "itsva" kuvaka.Mushure medenda, kutariswa kwekusimudzira hupfumi, "zvivakwa zvitsva" zvichawana kutariswa kwakawanda uye kudyara kukuru, uye kupinza tarisiro yakawanda yekukurudzira kukura kwehupfumi.
Simbi yekushandisa simba munzvimbo nomwe
Kumisikidzwa kwenzvimbo nomwe hombe dze "zvivakwa zvitsva" kwakavakirwa pahupfumi hwedhijitari uye hupfumi hwakangwara.Iyo indasitiri yesimbi ichabatsirwa neyakagadzirwa neyako yeKinetic simba uye kugona kutsva kwakapihwa ne "zvinyorwa zvitsva" kusvika padanho repamusoro, uye zvichave "zvisingaiti" zvinopa zvinhu zvinodikanwa zvekutanga.
Yakarongwa neminda minomwe uye simba resimbi yemidziyo yesimbi, kubva kumusoro kusvika yakaderera, iwo ari intercity high-speed njanji uye intercity njanji yekufambisa, UHV, itsva simba motokari yekuchaja murwi, 5G base station, hombe data center, industry Internet, artificial intelligence .
Zvinoenderana neNational Railway's "Yegumi nenhatu-Makore Chirongwa", iyo yekumhanya-mhanya njanji bhizinesi mileage chirongwa che2020 ichave 30,000 makiromita.Muna 2019, mileage yekushanda yenjanji inomhanya yasvika makiromita makumi matatu nemashanu, uye chinangwa chakapfuurwa pamberi pehurongwa. iyo njanji inomhanya-mhanya ichange iri makiromita 2 000. Chinotariswa chichava pane kukanganisa, encrypted network, uye The investment intensity ichave yakangofanana muna 2019. Tichipesana nekumashure kwekuumbwa kweiyo National backbone network, muna 2019, iyo yakazara. mileage yemigwagwa yemuguta munyika ichasvika makiromita 6,730, kuwedzera kwemakiromita 969, uye simba rekudyara richave rakapoteredza bhiriyoni 700. Inotungamirirwa nekuvandudzwa kweshanduro ye "new infrastructure" policy , Kubatanidzwa kwenharaunda pasi pemusana wetiweki, mapurogiramu ekunyora. , zvinoti intercity high-speed railways uye intercity rail transit, zvichava izvo zvinonyanya kutariswa pakuvaka mune remangwana.Nzvimbo dzakasimukira hupfumi, kudiwa kwakanyanya, foYangtze Rwizi Delta, Zhuhai maererano ne "Shanghai 2035" chirongwa, Changjiang, Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei neChangjiang vachagadzira "nhatu 1000 km" njanji yekufambisa njanji yemigwagwa yemudhorobha, mitsetse yepakati, uye yemuno. mitsetse.Kudyara kwemamiriyoni zana emadhora emadhora munjanji kunoda zvishoma 0.333 kushandiswa kwesimbi Kune mari ye1 trillion US madhora kutyaira kudiwa kwe3333 matani esimbi, uye iyo yakareba kushandiswa ndeyekuvaka uye njanji zvinhu.
UHV.Munda uyu unonyanya kufambiswa neState Grid.Izvozvi zviri pachena kuti muna 2020, 7 UHVs ichabvumidzwa.Uku kudhonza kwesimbi kunonyanya kuratidzwa musimbi yemagetsi.Muna 2019, kushandiswa kwesimbi yemagetsi ndeye 979 tons, iyo yakawedzera ne6.6% kakawanda.Zvichitevera kuwedzera kwekudyara kwegridi kwakaunzwa neUHV, kudiwa kwesimbi yemagetsi kunotarisirwa kuwedzera.
Kuchaja murwi wemota nyowani dzine simba.Zvinoenderana ne "New Energy Vehicle Industry Development Plan", iyo degradation ratio ndeye 1: 1, uye kuchange kuine 7 miriyoni yekuchaja mirwi muChina ne2025. Murwi wekuchaja unonyanya kusanganisira iyo midziyo inotakura, tambo, makoramu uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinobatsira. .Murwi we7KW wekuchaja unodhura zviuru makumi maviri, uye 120KW inoda zviuru zana nemakumi mashanu.Kuwanda kwesimbi yezviputi zviduku zvekuchaja zvakaderedzwa.Mahombe achabatanidza imwe simbi yemabhuraketi.Akaverengerwa avhareji yematani 0.5 imwe neimwe, 7 miriyoni yekuchaja mirwi inoda matani mazana matatu nemakumi mashanu esimbi.
5G base station.Zvinoenderana nekufanotaura kweChina Information Communication Institute, mari yenyika yangu mukuvaka network ye5G inotarisirwa kusvika 1.2 trillion yuan ne2025;iyo mari mumidziyo ye5G muna 2020 ichave 90.2 bhiriyoni, iyo 45.1 bhiriyoni ichaiswa mumidziyo mikuru, uye zvimwe midziyo yekubatsira senge communications tower masts ichaverengerwa.5G zvivakwa zvakakamurwa kuita mhando mbiri dzemacro base station uye micro base station.Iyo yekunze shongwe hombe ndeye macro base station uye inotarisisa yeazvino yakakura-scale kuvaka.Kuvakwa kweiyo macro base station inoumbwa nemidziyo mikuru, midziyo yekutsigira magetsi, kuvaka kwevagari, nezvimwewo. Simbi inobatanidzwa ikamuri yemuchina, makabati, makabati, masts tower masts, etc. Huwandu hwesimbi hwemaakaundi ekutaurirana. yehuwandu, uye huremu hweakajairwa matatu-chubhu shongwe ingangoita 8.5 Matani, asi mazhinji macro base zviteshi uye micro base zviteshi zvinovimba nezviripo 2/3/4G nezvimwe zvekutaurirana.Micro base zviteshi zvinonyanya kuiswa munzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda, nekushomeka kwesimbi.Naizvozvo, iyo yakazara kushandiswa kwesimbi inotungamirwa ne5G base zviteshi haizove yakakura kwazvo.Zvichienderana nekutanga chiteshi chekudyara che5%, simbi inodiwa, uye maririyori-madhora ekudyara pa5G inofambisa kushandiswa kwesimbi kuwedzera ne50 bhiriyoni yuan.
Big data center, artificial intelligence, maindasitiri Internet.Iyo hardware mari yekudyara inonyanya mumakamuri emakombuta, maseva, nezvimwe, zvichienzaniswa nedzimwe nzvimbo ina, yakananga kushandiswa kwesimbi kushoma.
Kuona "New Infrastructure" Simbi Kushandiswa kubva kuGuangdong Samples
Kunyangwe huwandu hwesimbi hunoshandiswa munzvimbo nomwe dzakakura dzakasiyana, nekuti njanji inotakura chikamu chikuru chekudyara kwezvivakwa zvitsva uye kuvaka, zvichave pachena zvakanyanya kuwedzera kushandiswa kwesimbi.Zvinoenderana nerondedzero yemapurojekiti ekudyara akaburitswa neGuangdong Province, kune 1,230 mapurojekiti akakosha ekuvaka muna 2020, nekudyara kwakazara kwe5.Zvivakwa zvitsva zvinonyatsoita 1 trillion yuan, inoverengera gumi muzana yehurongwa hwekudyara hwese hwe9.3 trillion yuan.
Pakazere, huwandu hwekudyara hwekufambisa kwenjanji uye njanji yemudhorobha i906.9 bhiriyoni yeyuan, inoverengera makumi mapfumbamwe%.Chiyero chekudyara che90% ndiyo chaiyo nzvimbo ine simbi yakakwira density, uye nhamba yemapurojekiti makumi matatu nemapfumbamwe yakawandisa kupfuura yedzimwe nzvimbo.sum.Sekureva kweruzivo kubva kuNational Development and Reform Commission, kubvumidzwa kwemapurojekiti ekufambisa njanji mumadhorobha kwatosvika matiririyoni.Zvinotarisirwa kuti nzvimbo iyi ichave yakatarisana nekudyara muzvivakwa zvitsva maererano nehukuru uye huwandu.
Naizvozvo, iyo "zvivakwa zvitsva" mukana weiyo indasitiri yesimbi kusimudzira yayo pachayo kunaka uye kushanda kwayo, uye ichaitawo nzvimbo itsva yekukura yekudiwa kwesimbi.
Nguva yekutumira: Mar-13-2020