1. Carbon (C): Nekuwedzera kwekabhoni yemukati musimbi, simba regoho uye kusimba kwesimba rinowedzera, asi plastiki uye simba rekuita rinoderera;Nekudaro, kana iyo kabhoni yemukati ichipfuura 0.23%, iyo weld-kugona kwesimbi inoderera.Naizvozvo, iyo kabhoni yemukati yeyakaderera alloy structural simbi inoshandiswa pakunama kazhinji haipfuure 0.20%.Kuwedzera kwekabhoni yemukati kunoderedzawo kushomeka kwemuchadenga kwesimbi, uye yakakwira kabhoni simbi iri nyore kuita ngura mumhepo yakavhurika.Mukuwedzera, kabhoni inogona kuwedzera kutonhora brittleness uye kuchembera kunzwa kwesimbi.

2. Silicon (Si): Silicon ideoxidizer yakasimba mukugadzirwa kwesimbi, uye zvinyorwa zvesilicon musimbi yakaurayiwa zvinowanzoita 0.12% -0.37%.Kana zviri mukati mesilicon musimbi zvinopfuura 0.50%, silicon inonzi alloying element.Silicon inogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya muganho elastic, goho simba uye tensile simba resimbi, uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya sechirimo simbi.Kuwedzera 1.0-1.2% nesilicon mune yakadzimwa uye kushatirwa structural simbi anogona kuwedzera simba kubudikidza 15-20%.Yakasanganiswa nesilicon, molybdenum, tungsten uye chromium, inogona kuvandudza kusadzivirirwa nekuora uye oxidation kuramba, uye inogona kushandiswa kugadzira simbi isingadziviriri kupisa.Yakaderera kabhoni simbi ine 1.0-4.0% silicon, ine yakanyanya kukwira magineti permeability, inoshandiswa sesimbi yemagetsi muindasitiri yemagetsi.Kuwedzera kwesilicon yemukati kunoderedza weld-kugona kwesimbi.

3. Manganese (Mn): Manganese yakanaka deoxidizer uye desulfurizer.Kazhinji, simbi ine 0.30-0.50% manganese.Kana inopfuura 0.70% manganese yakawedzerwa kune kabhoni simbi, inonzi "manganese simbi".Kuenzaniswa nesimbi yakajairwa, haina chete kusimba kwakakwana, asiwo ine simba rakakwirira uye kuoma, izvo zvinovandudza kuoma-kugona uye kupisa-kugona kushanda kwesimbi.Simbi ine 11-14% manganese ine yakanyanyisa kupfeka kusagadzikana, uye inowanzoshandiswa mukuchera bhaketi, ball mill liner, etc. Nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwemanganese, kusimba kwesimbi kwesimbi kunopera uye kushanda kwewelding kunoderedzwa.

4. Phosphorus (P): Kazhinji kutaura, phosphorous chinhu chinokuvadza musimbi, inovandudza kusimba kwesimbi, asi inoderedza plastiki uye kuoma kwesimbi, inowedzera kutonhora kwesimbi, uye inokanganisa kushanda kwewelding uye kutonhora kwekukotama. .Nokudaro, zvinowanzodiwa kuti phosphorus content musimbi isingasviki 0.045%, uye zvinodiwa zvesimbi yepamusoro zvakaderera.

5. Sarufa (S): Sulfur chinhu chinokuvadzawo mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairika.Ita simbi inopisa brittle, kuderedza ductility uye kuoma kwesimbi, uye kukonzera kuputika panguva yekugadzira uye kukunguruka.Sulfur zvakare inokuvadza kune welding performance uye inoderedza corrosion resistance.Saka, iyo sulfuri inogadziriswa inowanzova isingasviki 0.055%, uye iyo yemhando yepamusoro yesimbi isingasviki 0.040%.Kuwedzera 0.08-0.20% sulfur kune simbi inogona kuvandudza mach-kusakwanisa, iyo inowanzonzi simbi yekucheka-kusununguka.

6. Aluminium (Al): Aluminium inowanzoshandiswa deoxidizer musimbi.Kuwedzera hushoma hwealuminium kusimbi kunogona kunatsa saizi yezviyo uye kugadzirisa kuoma kwesimba;Aluminium zvakare ine oxidation resistance uye corrosion resistance.Iko kusanganiswa kwealuminium nechromium nesilicon kunogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya-yepamusoro-tembiricha kupeeza kuita uye yakakwirira-tembiricha corrosion kuramba kwesimbi.Izvo zvakashata zvealuminium ndezvekuti inokanganisa kupisa kwekushanda kwekushanda, welding performance uye kucheka kushanda kwesimbi.

7. Okisijeni (O) uye nitrogen (N): Okisijeni nenitrogen zvinhu zvinokuvadza zvinogona kupinda kubva mugasi rechoto kana simbi yakanyunguduka.Okisijeni inogona kuita simbi inopisa brittle, uye mhedzisiro yayo yakanyanya kuoma kupfuura iyo yesarufa.Nitrogen inogona kuita kuti kutonhora kwesimbi kufanane nekwephosphorus.Iko kuchembera kwenitrogen kunogona kuwedzera kuoma uye kusimba kwesimbi, asi kuderedza ductility uye kuoma, kunyanya kana iri deformation kuchembera.

8. Niobium (Nb), vanadium (V) uye titanium (Ti): Niobium, vanadium uye titanium zvinhu zvose zvinonatsa zviyo.Kuwedzera zvinhu izvi nenzira kwayo kunogona kuvandudza chimiro chesimbi, kunatsa zviyo uye kuwedzera zvakanyanya kusimba uye kuoma kwesimbi.